Astronaut Dr. Bernard Harris, Jr. Biography

Space traveler Dr. Bernard Harris, Jr. Life story Its nothing unexpected that there are specialists who have filled in as NASA space travelers. They are very much prepared and especially fit to consider the impacts of room trip on human bodies. That is actually the situation with Dr. Bernard Harris, Jr., who filled in as a space traveler on board a few transport missions starting in 1991, subsequent to serving the organization as a flight specialist and clinical researcher. He left NASA in 1996 and is an educator of medication and is CEO and Managing Partner of Vesalius Ventures, which puts resources into medicinal services advancements and related organizations. His is a great American story of reaching skyward and arriving at stunning objectives both on Earth and in space. Dr. Harris has regularly spoken about difficulties that we as a whole face throughout everyday life and meeting them through assurance and empowerment.â Early Life Dr. Harris was conceived on June 26, 1956, the child of Mrs. Gussie H. Burgess, and Mr. Bernard A. Harris, Sr. A local of Temple, Texas, he moved on from Sam Houston High School, San Antonio, in 1974. He got a Bachelor of Science certificate in science from the University of Houston in 1978 preceding lining that up with a doctorate in medication from Texas Tech University School of Medicine in 1982. Starting a Career at NASA After clinical school, Dr. Harris finished a residency in interior medication at the Mayo Clinic in 1985. He joined the NASA Ames Research Center in 1986, and concentrated his work on the field of musculoskeletal physiology and neglect osteoporosis. He at that point prepared as a flight specialist at the Aerospace School of Medicine, Brooks AFB, San Antonio, Texas, in 1988. His obligations included clinical examinations of room adjustment and the advancement of countermeasures for expanded length space flight. Doled out to the Medical Science Division, he held the title of Project Manager, Exercise Countermeasure Project. These encounters gave him interesting capabilities to work at NASA, where continuous investigations of the impacts of spaceflight on the human body keep on being a significant core interest. Dr. Harris turned into a space traveler in July 1991. He was alloted as a strategic on STS-55, Spacelab D-2, in August 1991, and later flew on board Columbia for ten days. He was a piece of the payload group of Spacelab D-2, directing more examination in the physical and life sciences. During this flight, he logged more than 239 hours and 4,164,183 miles in space. Afterward, Dr. Bernard Harris, Jr. was the Payload Commander on STS-63 (February 2-11, 1995), the principal trip of another joint Russian-American space program. Crucial incorporated the meeting with the Russian Space Station, Mir, activity of an assortment of examinations in the Spacehab module, and the sending and recovery of Spartan 204, a circling instrument that contemplated galactic residue mists, (for example, those where stars are born). During the flight, Dr. Harris turned into the principal African-American to stroll in space. He logged 198 hours, 29 minutes in space, finished 129 circles, and went over 2.9 million miles. In 1996, Dr. Harris left NASA and got an experts degree in biomedical science from the University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston. He later filled in as Chief Scientist and Vice-leader of Science and Health Services, and afterward as Vice President, SPACEHAB, Inc. (presently known as Astrotech), where he was engaged with business advancement and showcasing of the companys space-based items and administrations. Afterward, he was VP of business improvement for Space Media, Inc., building up a universal space instruction program for understudies. He is at present serving on the leading group of the National Math and Science Initiative and has filled in as a specialist to NASA on an assortment of life-science and wellbeing related issues. Dr. Harris is an individual from the American College of Physicians, American Society for Bone and Mineral Research, Aerospace Medical Association, National Medical Association, American Medical Association, Minnesota Medical Association, Texas Medical Association, Harris County Medical Society, Phi Kappa Phi Honor Society, Kappa Alpha Psi Fraternity, Texas Tech University Alumni Association, and Mayo Clinic Alumni Association. Airplane Owners and Pilot Association. Relationship of Space Explorers. American Astronautical Society, an individual from the top managerial staff of the Boys and Girls Club of Houston. Advisory group Member, Greater Houston Area Council on Physical Fitness and Sports, and a part, Board of Directors, Manned Space Flight Education Foundation Inc. He has likewise gotten numerous distinctions from science and clinical social orders and stays dynamic in exploration and business.

Thick Face, Black Heart free essay sample

Dark Heart The intensity of Thick Face, Black Heart is your inward quality and the common condition of your actual self, where flawless satisfaction, clearness, boldness, and sympathy are an indivisible piece of you. The Thick Face is for demonstrating no dread or faltering from the way and the Black Heart is the passionate quality that drives you forward to finish the objective in any event, when troubles arise. For me, that ideal agreement of everything is the point at which I make and play my music live. Despite the fact that I have begun to play numerous shows, I will probably turn into an expert visiting artist and DJ. So as to arrive at my objective, I should utilize two significant thoughts from Thick Face, Black Heart: winning through negative reasoning and the mysterious intensity of perseverance. Being an artist and being a stickler are most likely the two most noticeably awful blends, and fortunately I am both. At the point when I am in the studio making another track, I invest an excessive amount of energy contemplating what I don’t like and not on what I ought to be really doing to fix it. We will compose a custom exposition test on Thick Face, Black Heart or then again any comparative theme explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page We as a whole harp on the negative musings, yet that equivalent assurance in the negative reasoning could, â€Å"easily be turned around to turn into a power that really sustains the seed of success† (Chu 128). Negative reasoning can take a great deal of valuable vitality that could be better spent somewhere else. In all the time I’ve spent considering what I don’t like, I presumably could have improved that melody and even completed another tune also. Then again, positive reasoning doesn't ensure an effective life. We shouldn’t attempt to change our very own assessments of ourselves, and by doing so we can liberate ourselves from the possibility that â€Å"change precedes success†. The most significant thing to recollect is that our cynicism doesn't have as much force as our creative mind figures it does. Any craftsman has a terrible gig, an awful day, even an awful collection, yet the best ones are the ones who can set the awful aside and keep on going after the best. Everybody has enthusiastic battles, and attempting to concentrate on your playing when you’re truly concentrating on the inconsequential things will cut you down quick. If I somehow happened to be in the DJ stall contemplating how I wrecked a similar tune progress the previous evening, odds are that I’m going to overthink it and chaos up once more. Much more dreadful, before I even began booking appears, a large number of the scenes wouldn’t let me play since they didn’t think I was sufficient. Utilizing the intensity of continuance I continued difficult and attempting lastly they perceived how solid my steadiness was and begun booking me for appears. The most significant thing is to suffer by suffering: understanding the challenges, persevering through the hardships, anticipating the dangers, and enduring the maltreatment, all guarantee notoriety and accomplishment for such an individual. What makes one really extraordinary is realizing how to endure the heinous and how to persevere through the deplorable. â€Å"Everyone realizes how to flourish in the great occasions. It is the difficult occasions that different the person who has substance from the person who simply has the image† (Chu 141). Thick Face, Black Heart is the mystery law of nature that administers effective conduct in each part of one’s life. Regularly we are so worried about what causes us to feel great that we overlook what makes us incredible. Not harping on the negatives and moving that assurance and drive around toward positive activity is an incredible temperance to have. Likewise, seeing how to overcome torment, uncertainty, and disappointment is a significant part of the round of succeeding at life.

Explaining patterns and trends in health Essay

There are numerous approaches to gauge examples of sick wellbeing; these incorporate mortality, dismalness, wellbeing occasions, sickness frequency, illness predominance and wellbeing observation. These are; Morbidity Rates is what number of people experience the ill effects of the infection at a given time. Death Rates is what number of people pass on from experiencing the ailment and wellbeing occasions people monitoring medical problems, for example, the NHS giving data about the principle concern. Illness occurrence is the opportunity of the individual being analyzed. Sickness Prevalence is the means by which the extent of the populace is experiencing the malady. Wellbeing Surveillance recognizes early indications of sick wellbeing and approach to forestall and ensure. There are numerous social gatherings which can impact an individual’s wellbeing and way of life both decidedly and adversely. These are; Gender which is simply whether you are male or female. Age which is th e manner by which old an individual is the point at which the information is recorded. Social Class which isn't intended to even now be around as we should live in a ridiculous society were the class of individuals doesn't make a difference. Hazard Behavior which is sure types of conduct which are demonstrated to be related with expanded weakness to a specific ailment of sick wellbeing. Ethnicity which is the condition of having a place with a specific social gathering that has a typical national or social custom. Area which is the position or site of something. The orders of social classes are the five class plot Register Generals Social Class (RGSC) WHICH IS: I †Professional Occupational, II †Managerial and Technical Occupational, III †Skilled Occupational, Manual (M) and Non-Manual (N). IV †Partly â€skilled Occupational and V †Unskilled Occupational. NS-SEC represents the National Statistics Socio-Economic Classification which is: 1 †senior experts/ranking directors, 2 †Associate experts/Junior administrators, 3 †Other authoritative and administrative laborers, 4-Own record non-expert and 5-Supervisors, specialists and related specialists. 6 †Intermediate laborers, 7-different specialists and 8 †never worked/other idle. In 1980 the dark report was then distributed. It had been commissionedâ approximately 30 years after the establishing of the NHS and gave a discourse about how the UK had done in accommodating the soundness of its populace. The report inferred that there was a less fortunate wellbeing experience for the lower word related gatherings at all phases throughout everyday life. These were; Gender - Men and ladies in occupation class V had over multiple times higher possibility of kicking the bucket before arriving at the retirement age than those in word related class I. †during childbirth and during the primary month of life the danger of death in groups of untalented specialists was twofold that of expert families. †Boys in class V had a ten times more prominent possibility of kicking the bucket from fire, falls or grimacing than those in class I †The contrast between the wellbeing of men and lady showed that the danger of death for men in every social class was twice tha t for ladies. †Difference in the wellbeing encounters of various racial ethnic gatherings are additionally distinguished. Age Health imbalance exists in our general public and despite the fact that they influence various zones they are interlinked. Acheson (1998) said ‘health disparities influences the entire society and can be recognized from baby to old age’ Locality From the dark report I can see that were you live can influence your odds for getting an ailment or illness. We find that passing rates for CHD for those conceived I the Indian sub-landmass were 38% higher for men and 45% higher for ladies than rates inside the UK. Social Groups The wellbeing hole among rich and poor in the UK has augmented since 1980 and class is the fundamental center of imbalances any place they are recognized. They found that the logical proof backings a financial clarification of wellbeing disparities which are brought about by elements, for example, pay, training, business, condition and way of life. The report made three key suggestions to the administration. These are; †All approaches are probably going to affect wellbeing ought to be assessed as far as their effect on wellbeing disparities. †A high need ought to be given to the soundness of families with kids. †Further advances ought to be taken to decrease pay imbalances and improve the expectations for everyday comforts of poor families. Dangers of Behavior Consistent demise rates in Europe have arrived at their absolute bottom in the whole history of human culture. The twentieth century has seen an emotional drop in the pace of irresistible malady, just as the pres entation of treatments for its treatment. Regular reasons for death which have extraordinarily debilitated, for example, TB and diphtheria were frequently connected to destitution and material deprivation. Ethnicity One of the most significant elements of disparity in contemporary Britain is race. Settlers to this nation from the purported new Commonwealth, whose ethnic character is unmistakably obvious in the shade of their skin, are known to encounter more prominent trouble in looking for some kind of employment and sufficient lodging. The various examples and patterns that I include discovered inside my own exploration about liquor related passings joins with maturing, Ethnicity, Risks of conduct, Locality, Gender and social gatherings. Sex and Aging Males matured 30 and over are altogether almost certain than females to pass on of liquor related causes over 66% of all liquor related passings in the UK (in 2011 were among guys). Guys matured 30 and over were fundamentally more probable than females o pass on from liquor related causes. For both genders, the quantity of alcohol0related passings expanded pointedly from the 25-multi year mature age gathering, expanding to 838 for guys and 411 for females matured 55 to 59. After this age, the quantity of liquor related passings started to diminish consistently for guys over each age bunch decreasing to 92 for those over the age of 85. The decay across age bunches was progressively steady in females, dropping to 81 in the 85 and over age gathering. 45-49year elderly people men have kicked the bucket from liquor related demise by 32,000 however from females it goes to 14,000. Area Data for Scotland and Northern Ireland are distributed independently. Somewhere in the range of 2007 and 2010 male liquor related demise rates were altogether higher in grains than in England. A multi year decrease in male passing rates in ridges implies this distinction is not, at this point critical. The table shows drinking propensities by district in 2012 show individuals over the age of 16 who devours liquor week after week, for example, in the north east individuals who drink up to 3-4 units are 46% contrasted with North West who drink up to 3-4 units are 42%. Social Groups The table shows savoring propensities pregnancy in 2012. Ladies who are pregnant have devoured liquor in the most recent week is 10% contrasted with ladies who are not pregnant and uncertain are 53%. Ethnicity This table shows drinking propensities by ethnicity in 2012 for ind ividuals who have drank liquor inside the most recent week is 58% and the individuals who have drank liquor at least five events a week ago is 11%.

Having a Business Strategy Essay - 275 Words

Having a Business Strategy (Essay Sample) Content: Is there any point in having a business strategy when the world changes from month to month?Authorà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s nameInstitutions nameIs there any point in having a business strategy when the world changes from month to month?IntroductionBusinesses are run under and controlled to ensure that the existing set goals are attained.. More broadly, strategizing is the core factor which helps most businesses to be successful. The business operates in a smooth track to attain the set goals. Strategizing, therefore, is a tool which need be enforced to ensure that the business is fruity.The world is changing each and every day, and new ideas are being formulated in the world of business. In this context, I do concur that there is a need to have a business strategy in the business no matter the world is changing from month to month. Hamilton Booz (1995) quoted, "Business strategy helps most business and ità ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s the only idea behind the success of every business and the man agement should establish a proper way of planning and strategizing in the business.à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ New ideas and technological advancement ensures that the business is thriving in the market (Allen, 1995). As the ...

Childhood And Going Into Adult Hood - 1487 Words

Attachment is defined as affection, fondness or sympathy for someone or something. There have been different researchers and various types of research that has been done over the years to try and uncover the mystery that what happens in the first few years of your life will determine what happens in the later stages on childhood and going into adult hood. Research into the subject of insecure attachment sparked an interest in the world of psychology in 1948 with the research John Bowlby did on maternal attachment. Bowlby interviewed 44 juvenile thieves who were in a protection programme and 44 other juvenile who have not yet committed any crime to act as the control group what he did next was brought all the parents and† interviewed†¦show more content†¦In addition, although that the majority went to prove what he was testing it is not 100% true as there was 14% who were not separated and still went on to commit crime, this leads to other theory’s getting created. Another psychologist who has had major input in the subject of attachment is Spitz and Wolf (1946). Spitz and Wolf (1946) â€Å"studied 91 orphanage infants in USA and Canada (3)†, what they found amazed the world of attachment. They found that despite getting better care and maintaining adequate health many had died before their first birthday. This and Bowlby’s research lends a hand in understanding attachment and both complement each other in facts. Seen as Bowlby was researching about the critical stage in development the research that Spitz and Wolf did also proves that. This is because both of the infants were apart from a proper caregiver during this stage and this effected their later development unfortunately for a third of Spitz and wolfs participants the latter development never happened. There is an issue with both of these studies and it is in the time of which they were doing their research. In the Mid 1940’s Men were coming back from the war and at that time the women were in the roles men were previously. Therefore there was urgency to have a reason for the mothers

The Major Types and Possible Causes of Schizophrenia

Schizophrenia is a severe, debilitating disabling disease. There are more than two million Americans who suffer with schizophrenia in any given year. Some of the symptoms of schizophrenia are hallucinations, delusions, apathy, lack of emotion, disorganized thoughts, difficulty concentrating or following instructions and memory problems. There are no lab tests to diagnose schizophrenia and most times the patient is misdiagnosed with a diagnosis of bipolar disorder or major depression (Daily schizophrenia news, 2013). There are several major types of schizophrenia but there are five that are more common; disorganized, catatonic, paranoid, undifferentiated and residual. Scientists are leaning toward prenatal difficulties as to the development of schizophrenia with genetics also playing a big part. Schizophrenia Schizophrenia is a chronic, severe, and disabling brain disease with approximately one percent of the population developing schizophrenia during their lifetime. There are more than two million Americans suffering from the illness in a given year. Schizophrenia affects men and women equally, although, the disorder often appears earlier in men, than in women. Men are usually affected in their late teens or early twenties, and women in their twenties to early thirties. People with schizophrenia often suffer terrifying symptoms such as hearing internal voices, or believing that other people are reading their minds, controlling their thoughts, or plotting toShow MoreRelatedIs Schizophrenia A Unique Mental Disorder?1335 Words   |  6 Pagesthe Health Reference Series, schizophrenia affects 1.1% of the US population and the majority of those who suffer with schizophrenia go untreated or are unaware that they even have the disorder. Approximately 2,200,000 people in the United States su ffer from schizophrenia, and they have a lifespan 20% shorter than those who do not have schizophrenia (Fentress, Moller 1). Schizophrenia is a unique mental disorder that is made up of distinctive characteristics, causes, signs and symptoms, and requiresRead MoreDifferent Aspects of Schizophrenia Essay1126 Words   |  5 PagesDifferent Aspects of Schizophrenia The devastating mental illness of Schizophrenia is a major concern of modern medicine. Schizophrenia associates any one person with multiple problems. These problems include delusions, hallucinations, and disorganized behavior (Long 1999). The illness is a disease of the brain that is explained clinically as, disease of the mind, a simple explanation given by Nancy Andreasen (1999). It is important to understand that there are different types of this mental illnessRead More Dangerous Mind - Psychology Essay1747 Words   |  7 Pages Since Ive chosen to major in psychology, Ive chosen to do my paper on something that pertains to my major. In this case the mental disorder schizophrenia. Schizophrenia is a severly disabilitating disease that has stricken the lives of almost two million people in the United States alone (Keefe 20). Since this disease is so devastating the majority of people that suffer from it either live on the streets or in mental institutions. In fact, forty percent of the beds in American mental hospitalsRead MoreProblems Surrounding Schizophrenia1497 Words   |  6 PagesProblems Surrounding Schizophrenia Believe it or not, schizophrenia is a serious mental problem that has been around for much longer than most people tend to think. Most professionals are certain that schizophrenia is a disease process that takes place within the brain and that the disease is, in fact, influenced greatly by certain life experiences(Anderson 80). The one significant problem surrounding schizophrenia is that no one is absolutely positive as to what causes schizophrenia and of how itRead MoreSymptoms And Symptoms Of Schizophrenia1569 Words   |  7 Pagesdealing insomnia for the past 4 months. When meeting him, he showed signs of movement disorders and thought disorders. After Complete Blood Count tests and interviews with multiple mental health professionals, Jaime was confirmed to have paranoid schizophrenia. Jaime was immediately put on antipsychotic medication, and after about 3 months of taking that medication, he started attending psychological treatment. He has been continuing with both proced ures for about a year. Today, his medication doseRead MoreThe Myth of the Nervous Breakdown Essay1021 Words   |  5 Pagesof the nerves, but of the mind. It seems psychology, over the years, has separated the term nervous breakdown into more definite categories. Today, they seem more likely to be schizophrenic episodes, manic breaks, or more closely resembling major depressive disorder. Diagnosis depends on different patients and symptoms they experience. In the movie, Shine, Australian concert pianist David Helfgott is thought to experience a nervous breakdown due to the pressures of life with an overbearingRead More Schizophrenia Essay1617 Words   |  7 PagesSchizophrenia is a psychotic disorder that causes severe mental disturbances which disrupt ones thoughts, speech, and behavior. According to Paul Thompson, Associate Professor of Neurology, one percent of the world’s population suffers from this disorder. There is no one specific cause of schizophrenia, because it is caused by a combination of problems during development. It is a disorder which not only affects the patient, but their family and society as well. Schizophrenia can be a debilitatingRead MoreHow Schizophrenia Affects The Lifespan1595 Words   |  7 PagesHow Schizophrenia affects the Lifespan 3 How Schizophrenia affects the Lifespan Schizophrenia is a mental illness that inhibits a person’s ability to think clearly, manage their emotions, make their own decisions, and associate with others. It is a complicated, long term illness that affects one percent of Americans. Even though Schizophrenia can occur at any age, it is more common forRead MoreSchizophrenia: Treatment and Diagnosis Essay1187 Words   |  5 Pages Schizophrenia: Treatment and Diagnosis In 1809, physician John Haslam published an account of what he considered â€Å"A form of insanity†. Haslam described many symptoms that are relevant to modern day schizophrenia including delusions of grandeur and hallucinations. During the latter part of the nineteenth century, a German psychiatrist named Emil Kraepelin expanded on Haslam’s views and gave a more accurate description of schizophrenia as we know it today. Kraeplin startedRead MoreA Research On Schizophrenia And Anorexia Nervosa1269 Words   |  6 Pagesdisorders such as schizophrenia, major depressive disorder (MDD), post-dramatic stress disorder (PTSD), anorexia nervosa, and substance dependence. Even though the review article covers five types of mental disorders, I’m going to focus on schizophrenia and anorexia nervosa. Overtime, research has shown a robust relation between the social environment and the prevalence of mental illness. In large western cities, like NYC, there is a hi gher frequency in those that have schizophrenia, increased labor

The Fallacy of Ancestry free essay sample

Glaring out the window she noticed the beautiful trees swaying from left to right. The sweet sunshine hit her face with a radiance of glee and the clouds rolled away to open the view of the sharp blue sky. Abruptly, the bell rang and signaled another day of school. The teacher stepped up to the podium and declared that today they were going to learn about the origins of man. Little Suzy braced herself for a deep discussion of God and His miraculous achievement: creation in seven days! To her shock and surprise; neither God nor creation were mentioned. â€Å"Where did we come from?† Suzy silently exclaimed. According to the current textbooks in circulation, creation seems to be an infallible conclusion. The alternative is a bang; an explosion of forces that spontaneously created everything that is seen and exists. Science is a practice completely dependent on trials, observations and consistency. However, evolution strays from the accepted structure of science and ventures to answer the age-old question, â€Å"where did man come from?† The focus of this essay will touch on the existence of life according to the Bible, the fallacy of interpreted dating systems, and the errors found in the widely accepted idea of evolution. We will write a custom essay sample on The Fallacy of Ancestry or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page To begin answering how life came to be, one must understand: what is truth and what is conception. According to an article â€Å"Creation: ‘Where’s the Proof?’† Ken Ham, president of Answers in Genesis—U.S., believes the argument of truth is actually a matter of interpretation. He explains that a Creationist defending his case against an Evolutionist is of no avail unless both can agree to disregard their presuppositions. Ham believes that each person has developed a mind set, centered on a particular belief. Therefore, any evidence presented will become biased instantly, due to a preconceived idea of its origins. For example, fossils can either be used to enhance Creationism or debunk it. Ham says, â€Å"Creationists and evolutionists†¦have the same evidence—the same facts,†(Ham). He goes on to say, â€Å"The difference is in the way we all interpret the facts†¦ different presuppositions†¦Ã¢â‚¬ (Ham) Therefore in ord er to accurately define the true idea, one must ask do the facts support this presupposition. One of the most controversial ideas regarding evolution and creationism is the belief â€Å"spontaneous generation.†This idea is a clear example of how to measure the validity of a supposed presupposition. For example, in regards to â€Å"spontaneous generation† one must first ask: â€Å"Is this logical?† many experiments from the early periods of science would have agreed with this idea. Given the accepted factual support was the evidence that maggots clearly generated from the remains of a dead animal. The next step in understanding the validity of a presupposition is to ask: â€Å"Is this scientifically sound/possible?† Every experiment conducted by modern scientists suggested that non-living matter cannot produce or give rise to living matter. According to an article â€Å"The Origin of Life,† Dr. David N. Mentom recounts the finds of Francesco Redi, an Italian physician. In 1650, he proved that the maggots supposed to rise from dead meat were actually the offspring of eggs left from flies. Therefore, by examining the theory to the facts, the presupposition of â€Å"spontaneous generation† can be proved wrong. The Bible exclaims that God, the creator, breathed life into existence. Genesis 1:1 says, â€Å"In the beginning God created the heaven and the earth,†(KJV). Therefore everything seen and experienced is completely derived from this beginning. However, the Bible could be considered just a book, a fictional story of someone’s imagination if it didn’t hold any true evidence of validity. Can the Bible be trusted? The Bible has many strong ideas such as: life after death, resurrections, a triune God, and healing power. One might argue that the Bible is just too good to be true. The skepticism is highly ordinary, life is full of constants, measurements and patterns. Ideas without much concrete (by traditional standards) evidence does cause the need for consternation, however the Bible is full of accurate and correct information. The Bible is said to be the words of God. The Bible was inspired by the Holy Spirit. Basically, God wrote His book through man. Similar, to how men use pens and pencils to write their messages. In essence, man became the medium by which He would convey His heart to His creation. But is it really fact? The Bible is full of â€Å"factual† evidences that prove its validity. For instance, all throughout the Old and New Testaments the Bible consistently maintains a correct and definite genealogical record. The Bible also ventures to do the unthinkable: it predicts the future! One must strongly consider: if a book, supposedly written by God himself, can accurately predict the future, then perhaps it also can accurately depict the past. Are the origins illustrated in Genesis actually worth believing? In order to effectively present this question one must consider the options. If creation doesn’t hold the answer, then what other methods are there to believe? Some of the curre nt theories circulating around the origins of life are: â€Å"RNA World,† Clay Theory, Complexity Theory, Bacteria First Theory, Directed panspermia and of course evolution in the typical sense. The â€Å"RNA Theory† claims that the first molecule was a RNA molecule. However, according to Dr. Georgia Purdom, in her article â€Å"Origins of life: A Simple Approach?† she submits that this is clearly not possible, considering there was no DNA. She says, â€Å"†¦you couldn’t have genetic material that could copy itself unless you had chemists back then doing it for you,†(Purdom). Clearly this assumption is indeed comical; worlds cannot come from genetic strands that aren’t even able to reproduce. The Clay Theory suggests that complicated organic molecules were formed in clay crystals. The Complexity Theory relies on a â€Å"computer model for self-organization of organic molecules,† according to Dr. Purdom. The Bacteria First Theory surmises that certain bacteria can survive in extreme environments like that found on the supposed early earth, and are considered simple organisms. The complexity theory is†a computer model for self-organization of organic molecules,†(Purdom). The bacteria first theory, explains that bacteria can live in harsh environments. Therefore they could have endured the terrible conditions of early-earth as â€Å"simple organisms,†(Purdom). The directed panspermia theory suggests â€Å" first organic molecules or living organisms were brought to earth by aliens from outer space,†(Purdom). Lastly, the theory of evolution describes a random process of survival of the fittest. The process explains that every in life was mere ly the result of a lengthy process of adaptation to environmental circumstances. It strives to depict the beginnings of life based on a belief that all the diversity of life was spawned from a protozoic goo. The Bible describes a universe hand crafted by God the creator. This theory has become known as the Creation theory. According to the descriptions in Genesis, the entire world was formed in a total of six days, but more importantly it was indeed created. Many arguments have been posed to refute the claim that God made life. There is a great leap of faith to believe in God, but even a greater leap to try to explain the complexity and diversity of this world without. So, is the Bible worth believing? Consider what is harder to believe: a creator who personally stamped his signature on this world with the presence of life, or a great accident that just so happened to bring all chaos into order of unparallelled structure. The Bible speaks very clearly as to how life came into exist ence; God spoke and everything came to be. Intelligent design has actually become a pretty convincing argument as of lately. Mark Cahill in his book One heart Beat Away describes many amazing illustrations to help the average individual grasp the concept of creationism and evolution. One of his arguments consists of a watch in a box. The illustration is meant to explain the absurdity in constructing a clock with the absurdity of everything accidentally falling into place. The demonstration goes as follows: imagine all the pieces to a watch are placed in a box. Now, picture any tool necessary to put the pieces together and include them in the box. Proceed to place the lid on the box and shake thoroughly. Do this for about five minutes then check your progress. Cahill takes the illustration a step further by prompting the reader with a question: â€Å"Say you were able to shake it for five billion years; would you then have a functioning watch?†(Cahill) Quite effectively this demonstrates the complexity of completing a simple task by typical measures and a parallels it to the difficulty and absurdity of imaging an entire universe to accidentally surface. The next widely disputed area of great controversy circulates around scientific dating. The main questions presented are: â€Å"Doesnt carbon dating prove that the earth is older than the Bible describes?† First off, what is carbon dating? In Dan Lietha and Stacia Byers article â€Å"Answers for Kids† they breakdown the complex process of carbon dating into easy to grasp terms. They explain that carbon dating is a tool used by scientists to approximately determine the age of an object. According to this method scientists are able to measure the concentration of Carbon 12, the naturally occurring Carbon in an organism, and the amount of Carbon 14, â€Å"one that forms from processes acting on Nitrogen in the atmosphere,† (Lietha and Byers). Scientist measure the ratio of Carbon 12 wh ich remains in a vessel after death at a constant concentration, whereas Carbon 14 transforms or breaks down back into Nitrogen. Therefore, the scientists are able to see how long the specimen has been dead, based on how much Carbon 12: Carbon 14 is present. However, as Lietha and Byers clearly describes, there is a major error in this calculation method. For example, the article explains, â€Å"there are many factors that affect how much Carbon 14 an animal (or person or plant) has in it when it dies. This changes how long ago the animal â€Å"appears†(emphasis added) to have died,† (Lietha and Byers). Notice the article clearly uses the verb â€Å"appears,† this implies that the information has been interpreted. Therefore, it contains room for fallacy. The article goes on to say, â€Å"plants dont take in as much Carbon 14 as scientists expect,† (Lietha and Byers). Since, the accepted concentration of Carbon 14 is be higher before the death of a plant, the plant will appear to have lost more Carbon 14 then it actually had, thereby making it upper older. â€Å"Even many archaeologists dont think carbon dating is completely accurate all the time,† (Lietha and Byers).† Radiometric or Radioisotope dating measures â€Å"the amounts of certain radioactive substances,† (Lietha and Byers). Lietha and Byers concisely explain this concept. â€Å"When a volcano erupts, hot, molten rock (called lava) from deep inside the earth is released. This lava is made of various elements. Elements are the building-blocks of the universe (for example, water is made from the elements hydrogen and oxygen). Some elements (well call them A) in the lava are radioactive, which means that they change into other elements(well call these B),† (Lietha and Byers). The demonstration goes on to explain that the reason there is error in this method is because the scientists cannot decide when the process of A turning into B began. Therefore the estimated length of time is based on an implication of how the element appeared before it began the process of changing. In essence as the article so delicately points out, â€Å" We dont know what the rock was like when it formed, or what has happened to it since. We werent there,† (Lietha and Byers). Some of the most widely accepted ideas of evolution carry no real tangible support that it is rather embarrassing to believe that many have fallen prey to its ploys. For example, the idea that there are missing links is completely ridiculous. The evidence that has been presented and made into support have been proved to be false. Mark Cahill also endeavors to set a few more facts straight. He literally tackles almost every supporting element most evolutionists claim to be the gaps or transitional specimens. For instance Nebraska Man â€Å"was created from a single tooth discovered in Nebraska,†(Cahill). Piltdown man â€Å"has been revealed to be a hoax,†(Cahil l). Java Man â€Å"was constructed from widely-scattered bones,†(Cahill). Peking man â€Å"was based only on monkey-like skulls that were bashed in at the back,†(Cahill). Neanderthal man â€Å"was determined to be completely human,†(Cahill). Lucy â€Å"could not be a missing link because it has been determined that man walked upright before the time of Lucy,†(Cahill).As Mark Cahill so eloquently described above, nearly every evidential fact an evolution has used to support evolution are lies. There are no remaining pieces of data to even surmise a possible â€Å"missing link.† Mark Cahill said it best, â€Å"the missing link is still missing.† â€Å"The bigger the lie, the more people will believe it.Adolph Hitler,†(Cahill) Life is delicate creation. It was crafted by the hands that knew all secrets, constructed by the mind that understood no confusion, conceived on the heart that flourished with love. Gods very own words formed the fabric and foundation of creation. He breathed his life-giving source into the dust he formed. He gave man a reason, a purpose, a world to enjoy. Creation implies creator. Creator suggests God. God wanted a friend, a child, a companion to intimately love him, not out of nature, but out of desire. God created the universe and longed for its sweet embrace and tender voice of perseverance. Creation was created for God. He delights in his creation. â€Å"For the Lord taketh pleasure in his peoplePsalm 149:4†(KJV)

Organizational Leadership an Example of the Topic Career by

Organizational Leadership by Expert Prof Nelly | 02 Dec 2016 As we look towards the world today, we see many people running after success and dignity. According to Maslows hierarchy of need he explains that each inpidual has some need and once the bottom need is satisfied, the person tries to fulfill the upper level need. But as we talk about the higher level people they are in search of the Self esteem and Self actualization need, while the lower level people are basically in search of their physiological, Safety and Social needs. And thats how we define a job of a leader. A leader is the one who satisfy or influences a group of people working under him to achieve a specific goal. A leader is the one who can motivate people to accomplish a purpose within time boundaries and maintaining their level needs without ignoring their desires. He is the one who leads and asks everyone to follow him and tag along the rules he desires, but not only this a leader should have a complete knowledge of the goal hes planning on and a deep-rooted commitment to wards the task and should strive to achieve it no matter if his followers denies to do so. (Stephen P. Robins, pg 316) Need essay sample on "Organizational Leadership" topic? We will write a custom essay sample specifically for you Proceed According to Websters Dictionary, a leader is a person who exerts authoritative decisions and with the help of good, motivating examples uses his talents and plays a direct role in order to achieve a specific set of goals. It further says that leadership is that component of ones personality that causes a group of people to follow. A good, successful leader has three major attributes Dedication, Passion and Charisma. Leaders play many personality roles at a time, they are also observed as being good and evil. Some examples of great leaders are Mahatma Gandhi, Quaid-e-Azam who devoted their entire lives on a mission and accomplished their goals. Abraham Maslow: who gave the basic theory about the needs of each inpidual, working in organizations. Jerry Yang: who gave the idea of Yahoo.com There are many leaders in the world history and many more will come with time. As we take a look over the past few years, we encounter many innovations, and changes in the organizational behavior. We have seen governments changing from autocratic to democratic; these changes are due to the great leaders who came up with the concept of self-governing. (Kotler, pg 596) After featuring to what leadership is, now coming towards what influence is. Influence is when an inpiduals behavior is somewhat changed by the impact of his peers, organizations, political environment, social gatherings etc. Influence is basically catching other persons personality or getting inspired by the person. It does not always result in a positive manner. A famous quote simplifies it further A person is known by the company he keeps, this shows that an inpiduals behavior is mixture of his nature as well as his surroundings and heredity. But it depends on an inpidual that to what extend he/she believes that they need to change their attitude or behavior in order to adjust in an organization, and carry out specific tasks. It depends on the leader that up to what degree he tries to influence his followers and how lasting his influence is on his followers. (Kotler, pg591) We cannot say that leadership is another word for influence because a good leader is a person who influences others in order to get through a particular task in a most effective manner, but this influence can be good or bad. To every action theres a reaction, same is the case with influencing, but here dependent variable is the reaction which is highly dependent on the determination of responder, which could be equal or may be opposite to what the leader has expected. A leader has the right to express preferences or give examples by using models to whatever he considers is appropriate but this is not guaranteed that the outcome would be the same what he was actually waiting for. The real job of a leader is not just influencing but to tolerate every intrinsic and extrinsic influence, and maintaining a level of distance and controlling all the risks that come from the exerting sources. (Robins, pg 335) A leader should be mixture of good nature and a leading attitude, a leader should have a quality of motivating others without hurting their needs and desires, an ideal leader should be the one who can easily feel the need of their followers and shows them that he is acting in their interest, the leader should be clever, spontaneous, sharp and he should know the value of time. A person who knows how to lead a group of people, he can lead by the help of good examples and setting up great examples for others, examples of honesty, sincerity, truth, devotion etc. He should have a positive attitude which can help him to deal with thorny problems. He should be quick in decision making and should have a clear cut idea of the problem and its origination. A leader is the one who coaches other, he never says I he always says WE. A leader should set a path of guidelines for his followers so that in outlook everyone remembers his good deeds. On the contrary, a good follower is the one who accepts the orders of his leader with full devotion and respect. We have seen examples where a leader gets annoyed and use abusive words which are intolerable for a follower; in such cases a follower should challenge these flaws with a firm attitude. This can also help the leader in making his leadership behavior more accurate and effective. The followers respect and commitment plays a great deal in an organization. A good follower is a good leader in the future; it gives cohesive grounds to the person and he could implement all the ideas and strategies he experienced in his past. And it is often the most rewarded time of a leaders career. (Kotler, pg 348) Traditionally, organizations were using the theories of leadership, but know the system has moved to practicality. We now need practical, convenient examples of great leaders. We have seen many and still the world asks for more. Organizations can achieve good leaders if they arrange proper training programs for the top-level managers so that they could implement new strategies in the department. The training programs should include about the decision making process within time boundaries and effective use of recourses. Training should include; on the job and off the job training programs and a sensible use of such training in everyday assessment. Leaders should know about the different roles they play in an organization. They should have a straightforward and precise idea of what role to be implemented in what situation. If the decision is about an acquisition of a fixed-asset; the leader should know how and where is to be purchased and he should also have a keen knowledge about the budget as well. But when a decision is to taken in a war, a leader has to be quick and sharp and should order his team in a millisecond. A leader can be a liaison, resource manager, an initiator, a trouble shooter etc. As Kotler mentions that a leader is the one who copes up with change, as change is always resisted at first and is not welcomed by the employees so it is the role of a leader that how he motivates his team to accept the change because it hinders progress. Stephen P. Robbins also states that there are six important tactics that need to be implemented in order to accept the change, the tactics are: communication, education, facilitation and support, negotiation, participation, manipulation and cooptation. Man agement should arrange such training programs and workshops that can educate leaders on each of his roles and each of the six tactics he can use in order to alter his styles. (Robbins, pg 218) Leaders can mould an organization if they want. A leader has great powers and their one reaction or initiative can turn the organization. How to train an employee, what to teach them and how to evaluate is the job of a leader. To be a good leader a person needs to be a good human being because this is only way by which he would be able to understand the desires and wants of his employees. (MacGregor, pg. 112) Work Cited James M. Kouzes, Barry Z. Posner. Leadership Challenge. (July 2003) Jossey-Bass Inc. pg 95 James MacGregor Burns. Leadership (August 1978) Harper Collins, pg. 53 Jim Collins. Good to Great: Why some companies make the Leapand others dont (October 2001) Publisher: Harper Collins, pg. 80 Rudolph W. Giuliani, Ken Kurson. Leadership, (October 2002) Publisher: Miramax Books, pg. 180 Virginia P.Richmond, James C. McCroskey, LindaL. McCroskey. Organizational communication for Survival: making Work, work. (July, 2008). Allyn and Bacon, Inc. pg 200

Analysis of Whole Foods Market using Nadler

Analysis of Whole Foods Market using Nadler Introduction Whole Foods Markets has been very successful, and the previous analysis has shown that this firm has the capacity to increase its productivity if it continues with its current positive trend. According to Coulter (2009), it is possible to determine if a firm is on the right path by analyzing its current strategies and future plans. It is apparent that Whole Foods Market has a management that has mastered the market trends.Advertising We will write a custom case study sample on Analysis of Whole Foods Market using Nadler-Tushman Congruence Model specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This firm has shown a strong indication that it has a capacity to meet the expectations of the market in a special way, making it one of the most preferred firms in this industry. However, for ABC company to be sure that Whole Foods Market is a firm worth investing in, it must have a detailed analysis of the firm. It must go beyond a simple analysis of the current market share and productivity of the firm. This is because there are cases where a firm may exaggerate its capacity in order to attract investors. In other cases, management would create a scenario where investors would believe that the firm has a large market share while in real sense that may not be true. For this reason, it is always important to have a surety of the real capacity of the firm by using all possible tools. In this study, the researcher will continue analyzing Whole Foods Market using Nadler- Tushman Congruence Model. This tool will help in analyzing the output of this firm in the market and the congruence of different performance elements. Performance of Whole Foods Market at the Organizational Level According to Richardson (2006), when analyzing the performance of an organization, care should always be taken to determine some of the factors that are indicators of performance. For instance, an analysis of performance can be conducted to determine th e output of a firm. The output can help determine the performance of an organization. It is also possible to determine the profitability of the firm without putting emphasis on productivity. Others may also want to determine this performance by analyzing the productivity of factors of production. In this case, the analysis will be done on the output of the organization. Whole Foods Market is one of the leading grocery outlets and has positioned itself as a provider of healthy foods. The main goal of this firm has been to provide its customers with food considered healthy at reasonable prices and to increase its market share in this niche in the United States and Europe. The management of this firm realized that with the emergent of many diseases associated with unhealthy eating, the middle and upper class members of the society are becoming conscious of what they eat.Advertising Looking for case study on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More These two groups, which make the main market share of this firm, have been looking for foods considered as healthy. This is what this firm has set to deliver in the market. Considering the productivity of this firm, it is true that there is high congruence between the output of this firm and the set goals. According to Anderson (2012), Whole Foods Market is one of the supermarkets that are trusted in the United States to offer foodstuffs that are recommended by doctors for their health benefits. For instance, some of the leading supermarkets in the United States have been stocking genetically modified foods despite the controversy that surrounds such foods. Whole Foods Market has jeopardized its profitability by avoiding such foods in its stores in most of the states in this country. For the states that have supported such foods, this supermarket has been keen to label its products in order to make its consumers aware of what it is providing. This has helped the firm develop a strong trust with the customers. It is an assurance that this firm cannot sell products considered harmful to its customers. The congruency between the output and the goal of the firm can be attributed to the achieved congruency of its culture and structure. The management has created a culture where foods considered as unhealthy are shunned from the stores of this firm. It has made everyone to believe that stocking unhealthy foods is an equivalent to direct attack on their highly valued customers. This culture emphasizes on the long lasting relationship between the firm and its customers. Selling to them food that may put them at risk would be like sending them away from the firm. This culture is highly congruent with the structure within the firm. The shelves at this firm do not stock food considered unhealthy as they have been struck off from the list of inventories. The management has also set up a system where all the stocks are tested to det ermine if they are in the right condition for consumption. This has earned this firm a great admiration in the market because customers have come to believe that Whole Foods Market is not just focused on profit generation, but also on the well-being of its customers. Performance of Whole Foods Market at Group Level An analysis of Whole Foods Market can be done from a number of fronts. According to Nadler (1977), there are different groups that exist in an organization, and care should always be taken when selecting the groups. This scholar says that within an organization, the groups can be selected based on the managerial level. In this case, there will be three groups which include the top management, middle management and the junior employees.Advertising We will write a custom case study sample on Analysis of Whole Foods Market using Nadler-Tushman Congruence Model specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Whole Foods Market has a clear st ructure of leadership which can be analyzed. Another approach can be on the basis of the departments within the organization. In this case, the departments can be finance, marketing, procurement and logistics, production, research and extension among other departments. For a firm with global coverage, the groups can be considered as the regions in which the firm operates. In the case of Whole Foods Market, this can be the United States and European markets. In this case, the groups will be taken as the managerial units. As was mentioned earlier, this will give three groups, which are the top management, middle management and junior employees. It is important to analyze the output of these three groups and determine how congruent they are with the organizational goals. The top management of this firm is responsible for making policies that help in running the organization. Besides making these policies, they have the responsibility to ensure that these policies are applied successful ly within the firm in order to yield the desired result. The top management therefore, has the responsibility of making the middle managers understand these policies in order to make their implementation a reality. The output of the top management can be considered to be highly congruent with the goals of the firm. This is because it has managed to develop policies that would ensure that Whole Foods Market continue to deliver quality healthy products in the market without overemphasizing on instant profitability. This output is demonstrated in the continuous delivery of healthy food by this firm in a market where other firms are focused on quick profitability. The second group of middle managers has also managed to give an output that is congruent with the goals of the firm. According to Nadler (1977), the middle managers are always very important in the implementation of policies. They are responsible for making non management employees implement policies that are formulated by the top management. Their output has been congruent to the goals of this firm to the extent that this group has been able to influence actions of the junior employees towards achieving the objectives of the firm. The middle managers have worked closely with the top managers and junior employees to ensure that there is smooth information flow from top managers to the employees and from employees to the top management.Advertising Looking for case study on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The third group has been the junior employees. These are the ambassador of Whole Foods Market. When a customer visits an outlet of this firm, it is the junior employees who will serve them. The customers and junior employees are always in constant contact and the impression given by these employees would be taken as a reflection of the entire firm. This group’s output has been marvelous. Junior employees have been working closely to ensure that they meet the set objectives of the firm. They know that the firm is focused on delivering healthy food to the customers. To achieve this, the employees have been keen on inspecting the shelves to ensure that products stocked are in good shape. They have also been very active in various other assignments which have helped this firm attain a positive image in the market. Performance of Whole Foods Market at Individual Level The output at individual level within this firm has been congruent with the goals of this firm. The firm has emplo yed performance contract at individual level in order to determine the output of the employees. The performance contract has been developed in line with the goals of this firm. This means that every individual within this firm must appreciate the need to achieve a particular goal in order to help the firm achieve its overall goal. From the top management to the junior most employees, there is a clear task that is assigned to them, and an output set that should be realized after a given period. The performance is always determined at the end of the financial year. This has helped improve the overall performance of this firm because every individual works hard to achieve the set goals. By developing specific output for every employee, it has become possible for this firm to align the objectives of individual employees to that of the entire organization. Achieving this congruency between goals of individual employees and that of the firm has helped Whole Foods Market meet its objective s in the market with a lot of ease. References Anderson, D. L. (2012). Organization development: The process of leading organizational change. Thousand Oaks: Sage Publications. Coulter, M. (2009). Strategic Management in Action. New York: Pearson Higher Education. Nadler, D. (1977). A congruence model for diagnosing organizational behavior. New York: Columbia University, Graduate School of Business. Richardson, M. E. (2006). Organizational diagnosis: Using the congruence model as the theoretical framework in a complex organization. New York: Wiley Sons.

Property Rights and Estates (Finance Real Estate) Essay

Property Rights and Estates (Finance Real Estate) - Essay Example On the other hand, anything that is not real property is termed personal property that includes everything else. It is made up of two general classes: tangible and intangible. Examples of tangible personal property are cars, household items and furniture, clothing, jewelry, even pets and season baseball tickets. Intangible properties or assets cannot be seen but is represented by paper, such as securities, bank accounts, wages, insurance policies, trade secrets, copyrights, patents, trademarks, and goodwill. Personal property may also be called in modern civil law systems as personal effects, personalty, and chattel. It is also called temporary, moveable property or movables that indicate any property that can be moved from one location to another. Generally, an estate describes the degree, quantity, nature, and extent of the interest that a person has in real property. It is an ownership interest in real estate and denotes the quantity of rights in property. The process by which an individual or family arranges the transfer of assets in anticipation of death is called estate planning. It aims to preserve the amount of wealth possible for the intended beneficiaries and flexibility for the individual prior to death. There are further divisions within the real property classification. Traditionally, there are two types of estates: freehold and non-freehold. However, concurrent estate is also considered in the real property category. Others are future interests, specialty estates, and incorporeal interests). (Figure 1 shows the outline of the real property classification) FREEHOLD ESTATES are those in which an individual has ownership that continues for an indefinite period of time or until the occurrence of some event. An individual who is in possession of a freehold estate has seisin, which means the right to immediate possession of the

Impact of sea ice loss on Arctic ecosystem(Indigenous people, marine Essay

Impact of sea ice loss on Arctic ecosystem(Indigenous people, marine birds) - Essay Example This paper explains the effects that will cause problems and obstacles for the indigenous people living in these areas along with them the wildlife ecosystems such as the marine birds. This paper will also look into the possible environment that the Arctic community will eventually live through. The Impact of the Warming Arctic The change in the climate and the effects it has caused in the Arctic region may possibly be one of, if not the most critical ecological concern threatening and endangering the Arctic ecosystem.  This region, the northernmost part of the Earth, is home to various native communities whose way of life and daily activities is shaped, influenced and based on the environment and the surroundings. This area is also home to the abundant wildlife that thrives there. The Arctic region is naturally and ethnically very special and delicate. However, their sensitivity can be a problem. Because a slight change in the overall climate and weather in this zone, even as litt le as half a degree, the gradual global warming could risk the life of an entire society and culture. The rapid rise in the temperature is currently becoming more and more evident, resulting in the intensification of the loss of sea ice in the Arctic ecosystem. Now, it is a fact that the Arctic inhabitants were challenged in the past as they needed to adapt to the extreme cold and freezing weather with sub-zero temperatures. In time, they were able to adjust and for a time, were thriving in this Arctic community. However, the recent gradual changes in the climate could mean that the wildlife biodiversity and the communities who are living in this area will have to be faced with new obstacles and challenges. The several groups of indigenous people such as the Inuit are currently dealing with a number of problems and difficulties in their everyday lives. The drastic negative effects are now becoming a serious issue and concern for these people, as they fear that soon, if no proper cou rse of action will be taken, then their entire society and the whole entire community will no longer thrive and exist and will be gone forever. During the last decade, the people in the region have noticed different environmental changes. One of these is the loss of a great amount of ice sheets and when ice melts, what remains is the dry harsh desert. Another environmental problem is the thinning of the ice, which has resulted to difficulty in traveling and stranded hunters. Arctic hunters are having a harder time building igloos, which are impermanent or emergency shelters due to the change in the snow conditions. They are also starting to be more careful when chasing and going for animals. These animals have also changed. Caribou and other animals have decreased greatly in population. They also appear to be unhealthier, looking much skinnier than they used to. In addition, because of the increasing temperatures and the fact that Arctic people are not used to this as they are accus tomed to the cold, reports of sunburns and rashes have increased. The melting permafrost, or the permanently frozen land, has damaged and destroyed a couple of houses and roads, and have also caused erosion, unsteadiness and landslides. Moreover, since rain is less occurring, water from a few rivers and ponds are not anymore

Parental Factors Essay Example for Free

Parental Factors Essay Parenting factors range from diet and nutrition, relationship with parental figures, tight schedules of working parents, early parenthood, kinship care, foster care, child abuse and neglect (Michigan Non Profit Association, 2002, p3-4). Diet and Nutrition has played a very important role most specially on the developing stage of a children’s life. The lack of proper nutrition has a significant effect on proper behavior. The deficiencies on iron, iodine, and other protein rich food could have a negative effect on the child’s development, and on the long run, on its behavior (Shonkoff, 2001) and Grantham-McGregor et al (2000) as cited from (Michigan Non Profit Association, 2002). Parents who also deal with their children based on fear poses a negative effect as well on their social development. More specifically, parents who are too stern, give punishments that are too unsympathetic and in some other cases establishes inconsistent rules of punishment has a bad effect on their children Hastings et al (2000) and UNICEF et al (1993) as cited from (Michigan Non Profit Association, 2002). In relation with this, parents who are too occupied with work tend to overlook the needs of their children. Another case would be with regard to teenage parents. More often than not, single mothers tend to be immature due to the lack of proper education and also the difficulty of earning a living. In some cases, children who ended up being raised on family relatives, foster care facilities and the likes also have a greater tendency of developing challenging behaviors (Michigan Non Profit Association, 2002).

Possible Explanation of Kierkegaard’s Reasoning :: Essays Papers

Possible Explanation of Kierkegaard’s Reasoning As some philosophers suggest, an individual may only know what he knows through experience. What is sensed equals what is known. Because we understand things through our senses, then what we understand must also be expressed through our senses. We represent that knowledge through language. Language is a means of transferring our experiences to a concrete, literal form, so the sensuous can be made known in the psyche. To describe a snake (itself a linguistic representation of my experience), I might use the word, â€Å"slimy,† thus, I have distinguished one feeling from another feeling. Language also informs our perceptions of an object. We hear the sound of a word, and our brains conjur an image of the object the word represents. This image is then transferred into our own experience. If I say, â€Å"slimy,† you may think of mud or butter or a kiss, not necessarily a snake. These images are not right or wrong, but are based on your experiences. You will think of those things until, through my comparison of a snake to other objects and characteristics you do know, you can understand another thing that could possibly represent the word, â€Å"slimy.† What if someone wishes to discuss something outside of sensual or intellectual human experience? Because we cannot escape the use of sensual-psychic language to explain experience and knowledge of experience, even an experience beyond the sensual-psychic must be expressed through the common language that is received through the ear and processed through the brain. Jesus knew this full well, choosing to speak in parables rather than outlining theories and spiritual realities. We listen better to stories with objects and plots we can understand. His audience identified with agriculture, shepherding, wedding feasts, and inheritances. And although he knew the people could not comprehend the fullness of meaning behind his stories, storytelling was the most effective way to shed any light on the world of the spirit. As Paul Tillich says, once we take literally the language we use to represent â€Å"ultimate concerns† (things of the spirit), then we have made language into an idol ____________. Kierkegaard predated Tillich with his statement that â€Å"all human language about the spiritual . . . is essentially transferred or metaphorical language†(199). To prevent our understanding of language from remaining in the literal or sensuous-psychic state, and thus becoming idolatrous, then we must see it as a symbol, participating in the actual, but not the actual itself __________.

Connecting Nazi Propaganda poster to Hitler’s rise to power

After the Great Depression in the early 1930’s, it resulted in economic and political instability for post ww1 Gremany. Adolf Hitler utilized fascism to promote his rise to power. Nazi propaganda posters were being used as â€Å"Art of Persuasion† during this time. Hitler was no fool, and used every opportunity to his advantage provied by the depression. The Propaganda posters were used as a tool to promote Hitlers beliefs. He used this as a way to sell his ideas to the people of Germany. Hitler was trying to gain the German peoples trust through emotions. The propaganda poster helped promote Hitler’s rise to power. He related to the peoples wants and needs to gain his power. Each poster related to everyone in Germany in some way. This helped secure his rise in power. If one poster did not relate to someone, another did. By utilizing the â€Å"Art of Presuation†, he gained all the power one would need to rule. Personally, it is devostaing how one person can gain that much power over that many people during a time of crisis. It makes perfect sense as to why so many people allowed Hitler so much power. He took initiative when no one else would. He took matters into his own hands. Hitler gave the people what they needed at a time of crisis. Hitler’s rise to power came at the perfect time. Germany was in turmoil, and they were in need of a hero to save them. Propaganda posters related to everyone, and Hitler made the best use out of them.

Stock Market News In China Essay Example Pdf - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 8 Words: 2494 Downloads: 6 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Finance Essay Type Argumentative essay Topics: China Essay Did you like this example? Content Executive summary: 1.Introduction 2.Discussion 2.1Comparing Chinaà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s stock market with USà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s 2.1.1overview of the stock market in China and America 2.1.2 Some differences between Chinaà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s stock market and Americaà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s 2.1.3Chinaà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s dual-share system 2.1.4Settlement date 2.2Three typical characteristics of Chinaà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s listed companies 2.3Corporate governanceà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s influence 2.3.1The shareholders 2.3.2The board of directors (BOD) 2.3.3Weak external governance structure 3.Conclusion Reference list: Executive summary: China is gaining more attention of the world due to its high economy growth speed. However, China security market is telling a bad story to us, which conflicts with the good picture of China economy. In this report, we try to discuss why China security market did not work as well as American market did. We mainly illustrate this question from typical differences on corporate governance between China security market and North American market. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Stock Market News In China Essay Example Pdf" essay for you Create order 1. Introduction Generally, it is believed the stock market is the weatherglass of one countryà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s economy; however, it is not the case in China. When Chinaà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s GDP increases at an over 8% rate annually, China stock market has been on decline in the past 4 years. With its flagship stock exchanges set up in Shanghai and Shenzhen, the China securities market really only started in 1990 with 10 listed companies. In 2013, the number is 2489 (China Securities Regulatory Commission [CSRC], 2014). The US financial markets are highly developed and influential on the world economy. The US equities markets comprise several stock exchanges and its most important ones are located in New York City: the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE) and the American Stock Exchange (AMEX) (Legislative Council of Hong Kong [LegCo], 2014). Finger 1 compares Americaà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s SP 500 index (^GSPC) with Chinaà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s SSE Composite Index (000001.SS) which proves that Americaà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬ â„ ¢s stock market performed much better than Chinaà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s even though its growth of GDP is obviously lower than China. This report aims to analyses why China security market did not work as well as US market did. It introduces some differences between China stock market and America stock market. Then it analyses typical characteristics of Chinaà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s listed companies which different with Americaà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s. Finally, several reasons concerning corporate governance is discussed. Finger 1 Performance of GSPC 0000001.SS from 2009 to 2014. 2. Discussion Comparing Chinaà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s stock market with USà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s 2.1.1overview of the stock market in China and America In contrast to US, Chinaà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s stock market has a history of only 23 years. As a country, China has the second largest stock market by trading volume and the third largest by market capitalization, $3.7 trillion in 2013, after the US and Japan. The main boards of the Shanghai and Shenzhen Stock Exchanges list larger more mature stocks, like the NYSE in the US. The Shenzhen Stock Exchange also includes two other boards, the Small and Medium Enterprise Board and the ChiNext Board, also known as the Growth Enterprise Board, more comparable to the NASDAQ in US, which provide capital for smaller and high-technology stocks. In a whole, China stock market is very large and seems like US stock market. 2.1.2 Some differences between Chinaà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s stock market and Americaà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s Chinaà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s stock market has some distinctive features. First, it is a pure order- driven market, as op posed to a quote-driven market, whereas the US and several other countries have hybrid equity market systems. Second, it is a centralized market, whereas the US market is fragmented, with dark pools and other off-exchange trading. This may have important implications for market in formativeness. There are no dark pools with hidden orders in China, all orders are visible. Moreover, there is no extended trading period for institutional investors. Institutional and retail investors have equal access to information from a market microstructure point of view. In addition, Chinaà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s stock market has a price move limit of 10% to deter excess volatility and stock manipulation. Chinaà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s dual-share system Different with the US, Chinaà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s stock market has a dual-share system in which domestic investors can invest only in A shares, while foreign investors can invest only in B shares. In addition, many firms have H shares, traded on the Hong Kong Stock Exchange. A number of articles, such as Chan, Menkveld, and Yang (2008) and Mei, Scheinkman, and Wei (2009), study the discount of B share and H share value relative to A shares, which they attribute to information asymmetry between foreign and domestic investors and speculative motives. With the introduction of programs such as the Qualified Foreign Institutional Investors (QFII) program of 2002, which relaxed the cross-trading restrictions, B share issuance and trading have mostly vanished. In addition, Chinaà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s equity market used to have a large non-tradable component, held by corporate founders, often central or local governments. With the share structure reform starting in 2002, this phenomenon has mos tly disappeared among mid and small-cap stocks, though not entirely among large stocks. Settlement date Settlement date is another difference between China and America. Chinaà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s share market adopted T+1 which means the settlement date of security transactions and denote that the settlement occurs on a transaction date plus one day. As many other countries, the settlement date of USà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s share market is T+0 which means you can sell the shares on the same day when you buy it. 2.2 Three typical characteristics of Chinaà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s listed companies In 2001, a famous Chinese economist, Wu Jinglian, characterized Chinaà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s stock market as a à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"Casinoà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ manipulated by speculators, misled by the central governmentà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s visible hand to unfairly support state-owned enterprises (SOEs), and without a strong link to fundamentals (Allen et al, 2005). These listed companies have great concern due to three typical characteristics (1) Percentage of State ownership is relatively high: The majority of these listed companies in China evolved from State-owned enterprises. To make sure those companies are still state controlled, the percentage of shares available to the open market is relatively low. (2) Percentage of negotiable shares is relatively low: State-owned shares and legal entity shares are not traded in the open market. As such, much more than global average level of the shares are non-negotiable. (3) Number of individual shareholders is relatively high: China securit ies market is primarily made up of individual investors and lack institutional investors. However, the shareholding ratios are relatively low, and they cannot participate as effectively as American shareholders do. These three characteristics are also different characteristics from American market, which are also three most important reasons weakening shareholdersà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ abilities to participate in the corporate governance of public companies and keep the stock marketà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s soundness. 2.3 Corporate governanceà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s influence As is mentioned, it is thought that Chinaà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s stock market misled by the central governmentà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s visible hand to unfairly support state-owned enterprises (SOEs), and without a strong link to fundamentals. Due to this, the corporate governance can partially explain the reason why the performance of Chinaà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s share market cannot play the role of weatherglass of its economy. The shareholders (1) Highly concentrated corporate ownership: In China, present corporate ownership system includes state share, legal person share, which is owned by companies, and social common share (Cheng, 2003). The state share and legal person share are non-tradable shares. According to a report, at the end of 2004, 47% of public companiesà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ shares are state share, and 16.55% of shares are legal person share. According to Chengà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s opinion, the result of majority non-tradable share is conflicts between interests of holders of social common shares and the state. Because majority shares are owned by the state and the companies themselves, common shareholders cannot effectively monitor managementà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s behavior and the state usually does not exercise its rights as a shareholder to influence management effectively. For example, the Ministry of Agriculture, which is the supervisory agency of Lantian Co. Ltd., was either unable or unwilling to find out th e companys financial misconduct before it was reported by a university professor (Shi, 2002). In addition, since only minority shares can be freely traded in the market, the stock price can not reflect companiesà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ performance. Ità ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s easy for the stock price to be distorted by the non-rational investors. For instance, in the Initial Public Offer (IPO) of Mingdong Power in 2000, the P/E ratio was 88. These phenomena seldom appear in US because of widely held ownership. Therefore, reducing the percentage of state shares is one way to resolve the problems of highly concentrated ownership structure. (2) The relative small size of Chinese stock market: Chinaà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s financial system is dominated by its large state-owned banking sector and expanding shadow banking sector. Total bank credit was 128% of GDP in 2012, according to Elliott and Yan (2013), and total credit in the shadow banking sector was reckoned to be anywhere from 40 to 90% of GDP , while Chinaà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s stock market capitalization is only 44% of GDP. By contrast, US bank credit and stock market capitalization were 48% and 118% of GDP in 2012. (3) Weak protection for shareholders, especially individual minority shareholdersà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ rights: Chinese laws relatively neglect civil liabilities and compensation, and have not provided a procedure and specific clauses for enforceable civil actions. In addition, there is no provision for a class action lawsuit under Chinese law and it is very difficult for an individual shareholder to sue a public company for fraud (Lin, 2004). To improve corporate governance, efforts are needed to strengthen the mechanism for shareholders to enforce their rights. (4) Common shareholdersà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ short-term behaviors: According to Chengà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s investigation, in China, 76.3% of investorsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ investment cycles are no more than half year, and 27% of investment cycles are shorter than one month. According to Prisonerà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s Dilemma theory, short-term investors have less incentive to take part in the corporate governance because of reason of cost-efficiency. Another problem is the low education level of common shareholders. The investigation of Shenzhen Stock Exchange in 2001 shows that 44% of common shareholdersà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ education level is lower than senior high school and more than 12% of shareholdersà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ education level is lower than junior high school. Because of limited professional investment knowledge, ità ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s hard to ask them to make rational investment decisions and get involved in corporate governance. The board of directors (BOD) (1) Legitimacy of supervisory BOD: Different with US, in China, many supervisory BOD members are leaders of Party Committees of the company who are appointed for legitimacy by the government due to the state-owned nature, they actually lack of motivation to monitor the management BOD. The supervisory BOD meets far less often than management BOD, and lack of expertise impairs the function of supervisory BOD. According to the stakeholder theory, the company should be responsible to all who has a direct or indirect interest in the firm, rather than only to maximize shareholdersà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ interest (Hasnas, 2013). Due to high state ownership in China, it is suggested that the supervisory BOD should have representatives of common shareholders, and more expertise should be included. (2) Weak independency and poor duty and responsibility of management BOD: BOD should obey the fiduciary duty theory, which means acting in the interest of shareholder rather than maximize their own interests. However according to a survey (257 companies listed in Shanghai Stock Exchange), in China, only 3.1% of BOD has some degree of independency (Guo et al, 2013). Lack of law is one reason, only the regulations cannot enforce the implementation of BOD independency. Besides, most of the members in BOD who lack of knowledge and professional experience are directly appointed by the government; usually the chair of the company is the leader of Party Committee of the company. Moreover, the goal of BOD is not clear, most of the BOD acting as a consultant rather than monitoring management behavior and maximizing shareholdersà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ profit. Weak external governance structure (1) Lack of professional management and its market, obstacles in regulations, and lack of information transparency (Lin, 2004): In America, professional managers will face pressure from the management profession. If they are caught of fraudulent behaviors or lost due to bad performance, their career in this industry will be dark. There is no such pressure in China because there is not such a profession. (2) Weak or absence of monitoring role by banks: In the US, banks, as the creditors, have great incentives to monitor companiesà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ behavior and can influence companies to perform well. In China, if the state controlled banks suffer from bed debt, they will not go bankrupt, because the government will take the loss. As a result, the banks will not take all effort to monitor the companies. (3) Small and insignificant number of institutional investors that do not play a major role to improve corporate governance: In America, many institutional investors trace compa niesà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ information, and information asymmetry is reduced to lower level, which is beneficial to efficient market. However, in China, the absolute number and the expertise of those institutional investors are not comparable to those in America, and their influences on companies are relatively weak. 3. Conclusion Chinaà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s stock market is obviously different with Americaà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s. Many factors make them different but the role of the government is the most important one. High state ownership lowers down market functions, and government interference does it further. In America, this is very rare. Even though Chinese government failed to sway the markets by many ways, it is reforming its SOEs recently to deal with problems exist in its listed companies which may help its stock market escape from the trend of decline (Lim, 2014). Due to influence of SOEs is a major reason for bad performance of China stock market, this reform is highly possible hopeful to make succeed. Actually, in the past several months, China stock market appeared a tendency of rising as figure 2 shows. Figure 2 Shanghai Stock Exchange Composite Index last three months (2130 words) Reference list: China Securities Regulatory Commission (CSRC). (2014). 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