Childhood And Going Into Adult Hood - 1487 Words

Attachment is defined as affection, fondness or sympathy for someone or something. There have been different researchers and various types of research that has been done over the years to try and uncover the mystery that what happens in the first few years of your life will determine what happens in the later stages on childhood and going into adult hood. Research into the subject of insecure attachment sparked an interest in the world of psychology in 1948 with the research John Bowlby did on maternal attachment. Bowlby interviewed 44 juvenile thieves who were in a protection programme and 44 other juvenile who have not yet committed any crime to act as the control group what he did next was brought all the parents and† interviewed†¦show more content†¦In addition, although that the majority went to prove what he was testing it is not 100% true as there was 14% who were not separated and still went on to commit crime, this leads to other theory’s getting created. Another psychologist who has had major input in the subject of attachment is Spitz and Wolf (1946). Spitz and Wolf (1946) â€Å"studied 91 orphanage infants in USA and Canada (3)†, what they found amazed the world of attachment. They found that despite getting better care and maintaining adequate health many had died before their first birthday. This and Bowlby’s research lends a hand in understanding attachment and both complement each other in facts. Seen as Bowlby was researching about the critical stage in development the research that Spitz and Wolf did also proves that. This is because both of the infants were apart from a proper caregiver during this stage and this effected their later development unfortunately for a third of Spitz and wolfs participants the latter development never happened. There is an issue with both of these studies and it is in the time of which they were doing their research. In the Mid 1940’s Men were coming back from the war and at that time the women were in the roles men were previously. Therefore there was urgency to have a reason for the mothers

The Major Types and Possible Causes of Schizophrenia

Schizophrenia is a severe, debilitating disabling disease. There are more than two million Americans who suffer with schizophrenia in any given year. Some of the symptoms of schizophrenia are hallucinations, delusions, apathy, lack of emotion, disorganized thoughts, difficulty concentrating or following instructions and memory problems. There are no lab tests to diagnose schizophrenia and most times the patient is misdiagnosed with a diagnosis of bipolar disorder or major depression (Daily schizophrenia news, 2013). There are several major types of schizophrenia but there are five that are more common; disorganized, catatonic, paranoid, undifferentiated and residual. Scientists are leaning toward prenatal difficulties as to the development of schizophrenia with genetics also playing a big part. Schizophrenia Schizophrenia is a chronic, severe, and disabling brain disease with approximately one percent of the population developing schizophrenia during their lifetime. There are more than two million Americans suffering from the illness in a given year. Schizophrenia affects men and women equally, although, the disorder often appears earlier in men, than in women. Men are usually affected in their late teens or early twenties, and women in their twenties to early thirties. People with schizophrenia often suffer terrifying symptoms such as hearing internal voices, or believing that other people are reading their minds, controlling their thoughts, or plotting toShow MoreRelatedIs Schizophrenia A Unique Mental Disorder?1335 Words   |  6 Pagesthe Health Reference Series, schizophrenia affects 1.1% of the US population and the majority of those who suffer with schizophrenia go untreated or are unaware that they even have the disorder. Approximately 2,200,000 people in the United States su ffer from schizophrenia, and they have a lifespan 20% shorter than those who do not have schizophrenia (Fentress, Moller 1). Schizophrenia is a unique mental disorder that is made up of distinctive characteristics, causes, signs and symptoms, and requiresRead MoreDifferent Aspects of Schizophrenia Essay1126 Words   |  5 PagesDifferent Aspects of Schizophrenia The devastating mental illness of Schizophrenia is a major concern of modern medicine. Schizophrenia associates any one person with multiple problems. These problems include delusions, hallucinations, and disorganized behavior (Long 1999). The illness is a disease of the brain that is explained clinically as, disease of the mind, a simple explanation given by Nancy Andreasen (1999). It is important to understand that there are different types of this mental illnessRead More Dangerous Mind - Psychology Essay1747 Words   |  7 Pages Since Ive chosen to major in psychology, Ive chosen to do my paper on something that pertains to my major. In this case the mental disorder schizophrenia. Schizophrenia is a severly disabilitating disease that has stricken the lives of almost two million people in the United States alone (Keefe 20). Since this disease is so devastating the majority of people that suffer from it either live on the streets or in mental institutions. In fact, forty percent of the beds in American mental hospitalsRead MoreProblems Surrounding Schizophrenia1497 Words   |  6 PagesProblems Surrounding Schizophrenia Believe it or not, schizophrenia is a serious mental problem that has been around for much longer than most people tend to think. Most professionals are certain that schizophrenia is a disease process that takes place within the brain and that the disease is, in fact, influenced greatly by certain life experiences(Anderson 80). The one significant problem surrounding schizophrenia is that no one is absolutely positive as to what causes schizophrenia and of how itRead MoreSymptoms And Symptoms Of Schizophrenia1569 Words   |  7 Pagesdealing insomnia for the past 4 months. When meeting him, he showed signs of movement disorders and thought disorders. After Complete Blood Count tests and interviews with multiple mental health professionals, Jaime was confirmed to have paranoid schizophrenia. Jaime was immediately put on antipsychotic medication, and after about 3 months of taking that medication, he started attending psychological treatment. He has been continuing with both proced ures for about a year. Today, his medication doseRead MoreThe Myth of the Nervous Breakdown Essay1021 Words   |  5 Pagesof the nerves, but of the mind. It seems psychology, over the years, has separated the term nervous breakdown into more definite categories. Today, they seem more likely to be schizophrenic episodes, manic breaks, or more closely resembling major depressive disorder. Diagnosis depends on different patients and symptoms they experience. In the movie, Shine, Australian concert pianist David Helfgott is thought to experience a nervous breakdown due to the pressures of life with an overbearingRead More Schizophrenia Essay1617 Words   |  7 PagesSchizophrenia is a psychotic disorder that causes severe mental disturbances which disrupt ones thoughts, speech, and behavior. According to Paul Thompson, Associate Professor of Neurology, one percent of the world’s population suffers from this disorder. There is no one specific cause of schizophrenia, because it is caused by a combination of problems during development. It is a disorder which not only affects the patient, but their family and society as well. Schizophrenia can be a debilitatingRead MoreHow Schizophrenia Affects The Lifespan1595 Words   |  7 PagesHow Schizophrenia affects the Lifespan 3 How Schizophrenia affects the Lifespan Schizophrenia is a mental illness that inhibits a person’s ability to think clearly, manage their emotions, make their own decisions, and associate with others. It is a complicated, long term illness that affects one percent of Americans. Even though Schizophrenia can occur at any age, it is more common forRead MoreSchizophrenia: Treatment and Diagnosis Essay1187 Words   |  5 Pages Schizophrenia: Treatment and Diagnosis In 1809, physician John Haslam published an account of what he considered â€Å"A form of insanity†. Haslam described many symptoms that are relevant to modern day schizophrenia including delusions of grandeur and hallucinations. During the latter part of the nineteenth century, a German psychiatrist named Emil Kraepelin expanded on Haslam’s views and gave a more accurate description of schizophrenia as we know it today. Kraeplin startedRead MoreA Research On Schizophrenia And Anorexia Nervosa1269 Words   |  6 Pagesdisorders such as schizophrenia, major depressive disorder (MDD), post-dramatic stress disorder (PTSD), anorexia nervosa, and substance dependence. Even though the review article covers five types of mental disorders, I’m going to focus on schizophrenia and anorexia nervosa. Overtime, research has shown a robust relation between the social environment and the prevalence of mental illness. In large western cities, like NYC, there is a hi gher frequency in those that have schizophrenia, increased labor

The Fallacy of Ancestry free essay sample

Glaring out the window she noticed the beautiful trees swaying from left to right. The sweet sunshine hit her face with a radiance of glee and the clouds rolled away to open the view of the sharp blue sky. Abruptly, the bell rang and signaled another day of school. The teacher stepped up to the podium and declared that today they were going to learn about the origins of man. Little Suzy braced herself for a deep discussion of God and His miraculous achievement: creation in seven days! To her shock and surprise; neither God nor creation were mentioned. â€Å"Where did we come from?† Suzy silently exclaimed. According to the current textbooks in circulation, creation seems to be an infallible conclusion. The alternative is a bang; an explosion of forces that spontaneously created everything that is seen and exists. Science is a practice completely dependent on trials, observations and consistency. However, evolution strays from the accepted structure of science and ventures to answer the age-old question, â€Å"where did man come from?† The focus of this essay will touch on the existence of life according to the Bible, the fallacy of interpreted dating systems, and the errors found in the widely accepted idea of evolution. We will write a custom essay sample on The Fallacy of Ancestry or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page To begin answering how life came to be, one must understand: what is truth and what is conception. According to an article â€Å"Creation: ‘Where’s the Proof?’† Ken Ham, president of Answers in Genesis—U.S., believes the argument of truth is actually a matter of interpretation. He explains that a Creationist defending his case against an Evolutionist is of no avail unless both can agree to disregard their presuppositions. Ham believes that each person has developed a mind set, centered on a particular belief. Therefore, any evidence presented will become biased instantly, due to a preconceived idea of its origins. For example, fossils can either be used to enhance Creationism or debunk it. Ham says, â€Å"Creationists and evolutionists†¦have the same evidence—the same facts,†(Ham). He goes on to say, â€Å"The difference is in the way we all interpret the facts†¦ different presuppositions†¦Ã¢â‚¬ (Ham) Therefore in ord er to accurately define the true idea, one must ask do the facts support this presupposition. One of the most controversial ideas regarding evolution and creationism is the belief â€Å"spontaneous generation.†This idea is a clear example of how to measure the validity of a supposed presupposition. For example, in regards to â€Å"spontaneous generation† one must first ask: â€Å"Is this logical?† many experiments from the early periods of science would have agreed with this idea. Given the accepted factual support was the evidence that maggots clearly generated from the remains of a dead animal. The next step in understanding the validity of a presupposition is to ask: â€Å"Is this scientifically sound/possible?† Every experiment conducted by modern scientists suggested that non-living matter cannot produce or give rise to living matter. According to an article â€Å"The Origin of Life,† Dr. David N. Mentom recounts the finds of Francesco Redi, an Italian physician. In 1650, he proved that the maggots supposed to rise from dead meat were actually the offspring of eggs left from flies. Therefore, by examining the theory to the facts, the presupposition of â€Å"spontaneous generation† can be proved wrong. The Bible exclaims that God, the creator, breathed life into existence. Genesis 1:1 says, â€Å"In the beginning God created the heaven and the earth,†(KJV). Therefore everything seen and experienced is completely derived from this beginning. However, the Bible could be considered just a book, a fictional story of someone’s imagination if it didn’t hold any true evidence of validity. Can the Bible be trusted? The Bible has many strong ideas such as: life after death, resurrections, a triune God, and healing power. One might argue that the Bible is just too good to be true. The skepticism is highly ordinary, life is full of constants, measurements and patterns. Ideas without much concrete (by traditional standards) evidence does cause the need for consternation, however the Bible is full of accurate and correct information. The Bible is said to be the words of God. The Bible was inspired by the Holy Spirit. Basically, God wrote His book through man. Similar, to how men use pens and pencils to write their messages. In essence, man became the medium by which He would convey His heart to His creation. But is it really fact? The Bible is full of â€Å"factual† evidences that prove its validity. For instance, all throughout the Old and New Testaments the Bible consistently maintains a correct and definite genealogical record. The Bible also ventures to do the unthinkable: it predicts the future! One must strongly consider: if a book, supposedly written by God himself, can accurately predict the future, then perhaps it also can accurately depict the past. Are the origins illustrated in Genesis actually worth believing? In order to effectively present this question one must consider the options. If creation doesn’t hold the answer, then what other methods are there to believe? Some of the curre nt theories circulating around the origins of life are: â€Å"RNA World,† Clay Theory, Complexity Theory, Bacteria First Theory, Directed panspermia and of course evolution in the typical sense. The â€Å"RNA Theory† claims that the first molecule was a RNA molecule. However, according to Dr. Georgia Purdom, in her article â€Å"Origins of life: A Simple Approach?† she submits that this is clearly not possible, considering there was no DNA. She says, â€Å"†¦you couldn’t have genetic material that could copy itself unless you had chemists back then doing it for you,†(Purdom). Clearly this assumption is indeed comical; worlds cannot come from genetic strands that aren’t even able to reproduce. The Clay Theory suggests that complicated organic molecules were formed in clay crystals. The Complexity Theory relies on a â€Å"computer model for self-organization of organic molecules,† according to Dr. Purdom. The Bacteria First Theory surmises that certain bacteria can survive in extreme environments like that found on the supposed early earth, and are considered simple organisms. The complexity theory is†a computer model for self-organization of organic molecules,†(Purdom). The bacteria first theory, explains that bacteria can live in harsh environments. Therefore they could have endured the terrible conditions of early-earth as â€Å"simple organisms,†(Purdom). The directed panspermia theory suggests â€Å" first organic molecules or living organisms were brought to earth by aliens from outer space,†(Purdom). Lastly, the theory of evolution describes a random process of survival of the fittest. The process explains that every in life was mere ly the result of a lengthy process of adaptation to environmental circumstances. It strives to depict the beginnings of life based on a belief that all the diversity of life was spawned from a protozoic goo. The Bible describes a universe hand crafted by God the creator. This theory has become known as the Creation theory. According to the descriptions in Genesis, the entire world was formed in a total of six days, but more importantly it was indeed created. Many arguments have been posed to refute the claim that God made life. There is a great leap of faith to believe in God, but even a greater leap to try to explain the complexity and diversity of this world without. So, is the Bible worth believing? Consider what is harder to believe: a creator who personally stamped his signature on this world with the presence of life, or a great accident that just so happened to bring all chaos into order of unparallelled structure. The Bible speaks very clearly as to how life came into exist ence; God spoke and everything came to be. Intelligent design has actually become a pretty convincing argument as of lately. Mark Cahill in his book One heart Beat Away describes many amazing illustrations to help the average individual grasp the concept of creationism and evolution. One of his arguments consists of a watch in a box. The illustration is meant to explain the absurdity in constructing a clock with the absurdity of everything accidentally falling into place. The demonstration goes as follows: imagine all the pieces to a watch are placed in a box. Now, picture any tool necessary to put the pieces together and include them in the box. Proceed to place the lid on the box and shake thoroughly. Do this for about five minutes then check your progress. Cahill takes the illustration a step further by prompting the reader with a question: â€Å"Say you were able to shake it for five billion years; would you then have a functioning watch?†(Cahill) Quite effectively this demonstrates the complexity of completing a simple task by typical measures and a parallels it to the difficulty and absurdity of imaging an entire universe to accidentally surface. The next widely disputed area of great controversy circulates around scientific dating. The main questions presented are: â€Å"Doesnt carbon dating prove that the earth is older than the Bible describes?† First off, what is carbon dating? In Dan Lietha and Stacia Byers article â€Å"Answers for Kids† they breakdown the complex process of carbon dating into easy to grasp terms. They explain that carbon dating is a tool used by scientists to approximately determine the age of an object. According to this method scientists are able to measure the concentration of Carbon 12, the naturally occurring Carbon in an organism, and the amount of Carbon 14, â€Å"one that forms from processes acting on Nitrogen in the atmosphere,† (Lietha and Byers). Scientist measure the ratio of Carbon 12 wh ich remains in a vessel after death at a constant concentration, whereas Carbon 14 transforms or breaks down back into Nitrogen. Therefore, the scientists are able to see how long the specimen has been dead, based on how much Carbon 12: Carbon 14 is present. However, as Lietha and Byers clearly describes, there is a major error in this calculation method. For example, the article explains, â€Å"there are many factors that affect how much Carbon 14 an animal (or person or plant) has in it when it dies. This changes how long ago the animal â€Å"appears†(emphasis added) to have died,† (Lietha and Byers). Notice the article clearly uses the verb â€Å"appears,† this implies that the information has been interpreted. Therefore, it contains room for fallacy. The article goes on to say, â€Å"plants dont take in as much Carbon 14 as scientists expect,† (Lietha and Byers). Since, the accepted concentration of Carbon 14 is be higher before the death of a plant, the plant will appear to have lost more Carbon 14 then it actually had, thereby making it upper older. â€Å"Even many archaeologists dont think carbon dating is completely accurate all the time,† (Lietha and Byers).† Radiometric or Radioisotope dating measures â€Å"the amounts of certain radioactive substances,† (Lietha and Byers). Lietha and Byers concisely explain this concept. â€Å"When a volcano erupts, hot, molten rock (called lava) from deep inside the earth is released. This lava is made of various elements. Elements are the building-blocks of the universe (for example, water is made from the elements hydrogen and oxygen). Some elements (well call them A) in the lava are radioactive, which means that they change into other elements(well call these B),† (Lietha and Byers). The demonstration goes on to explain that the reason there is error in this method is because the scientists cannot decide when the process of A turning into B began. Therefore the estimated length of time is based on an implication of how the element appeared before it began the process of changing. In essence as the article so delicately points out, â€Å" We dont know what the rock was like when it formed, or what has happened to it since. We werent there,† (Lietha and Byers). Some of the most widely accepted ideas of evolution carry no real tangible support that it is rather embarrassing to believe that many have fallen prey to its ploys. For example, the idea that there are missing links is completely ridiculous. The evidence that has been presented and made into support have been proved to be false. Mark Cahill also endeavors to set a few more facts straight. He literally tackles almost every supporting element most evolutionists claim to be the gaps or transitional specimens. For instance Nebraska Man â€Å"was created from a single tooth discovered in Nebraska,†(Cahill). Piltdown man â€Å"has been revealed to be a hoax,†(Cahil l). Java Man â€Å"was constructed from widely-scattered bones,†(Cahill). Peking man â€Å"was based only on monkey-like skulls that were bashed in at the back,†(Cahill). Neanderthal man â€Å"was determined to be completely human,†(Cahill). Lucy â€Å"could not be a missing link because it has been determined that man walked upright before the time of Lucy,†(Cahill).As Mark Cahill so eloquently described above, nearly every evidential fact an evolution has used to support evolution are lies. There are no remaining pieces of data to even surmise a possible â€Å"missing link.† Mark Cahill said it best, â€Å"the missing link is still missing.† â€Å"The bigger the lie, the more people will believe it.Adolph Hitler,†(Cahill) Life is delicate creation. It was crafted by the hands that knew all secrets, constructed by the mind that understood no confusion, conceived on the heart that flourished with love. Gods very own words formed the fabric and foundation of creation. He breathed his life-giving source into the dust he formed. He gave man a reason, a purpose, a world to enjoy. Creation implies creator. Creator suggests God. God wanted a friend, a child, a companion to intimately love him, not out of nature, but out of desire. God created the universe and longed for its sweet embrace and tender voice of perseverance. Creation was created for God. He delights in his creation. â€Å"For the Lord taketh pleasure in his peoplePsalm 149:4†(KJV)